MDPOD - Masson du Parc Online Database

Historical Marine data from the Global South (1720-1730)
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"Unknown" - [FR: Cachini]

ID: 347 | ID2: 24
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Cachini
Vernacular Name: Unknown
Location: French Guiana
Region: North Atlantic
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1723
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
The cachini is very large. It resembles salmon. It has a tongue half a foot long. The Indians use it as a file. This fish is preserved like the Lamentin.
📖 Full Translated Text:
Makouma is pretty much like pasani. Common, it is fished by arrow, line and senne. The swordfish is a very large, curious fish. It's caught with a folle net to make oil. It is common.The demoiselle is is caught with aline. It's a big fish like the machauran which weighs up to two hundred pounds.The pig is a very curious fish. Mr. Barraire drew some as a part of all others which are above. The lizard is very good and very common. The crayfish is larger than in France and less delicate. They are taken in the rivers. The toad is very good. It gets caught in the rocks in the sea. Shrimp is like in Europe. The crab is excellent. In January, February and March there are plenty of them.There is a sea pig called cabiaye (Capybara), quite common in some rivers. It is amphibious. It is claimed that Maipourri (tapir) is also amphibious. It is rare in Cayenne and very common inland. It has the horse's hair, his feet of pig. It's a very good meal. The sole is like plaice.There is a very bad kind of aurans. Lapas, a small fish, is caught at low tide in the mud. It is good. The pacou, a good fish, is caught in rivers.The commaron is red, very good. Aymara, good. The pike. Patayal is caught in holes. Coubani is pretty much like monkfish.The jayre is a small fish, not much. The eel is of two species. One trembling. It is to remark about this one that when it is caught on a line, the one who catches it becomes like lost. Usually when you catch them, you first need to take the mouth of the water. The negroes kill them right away either with a billhook or something else. The billhook jumps from his hands as he hits the eel. When it is dead, it has no longer any effect. We handle them or we skin them without anything happening. They say they are good and very big. Parsisy, a river fish, very large, very good, they are bearded. Coconut is caught by line, very common and good. The cachini is very large. It resembles salmon. It has a tongue half a foot long. The Indians use it as a file. This fish is preserved like the Lamentin. The eaglefish is very good. The pailla is a very good red fish. The sioure is a very good species of sea bass. The rock barbe is a very good fish, without scales, much better than tench and guimbarde. Father Charbonnier, a Jesuit who arrived from Camopy, told me that there was a sea tiger in this river. The front part is like a tiger with fur. It has tusks like a boar and half of its body is like a fish with scales. This sea monster is dangerous. It has caused the Indians to abandon the place where it live. I saw a small sea horse. It has the head and neck of a horse. Sieur Barraire drew it. Sieur Macaye, the counsellor, told me he saw one at the beginning of this year, 1723, and that its rump could be ten feet wide, as it sometimes appears. The Negroes claim that when these sea horses appear, it is a bad omen. There are still a few other fish that I am not familiar with. There are also more than thirty different species of snakes. Done at Cayenne on 29 September 1723.
Source: Cayenne-Guyane (4)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

"Unknown" - [FR: Eguille]

ID: 348 | ID2: 24
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Eguille
Vernacular Name: Unknown
Location: French Guiana
Region: North Atlantic
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1723
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
The eaglefish is very good.
📖 Full Translated Text:
Makouma is pretty much like pasani. Common, it is fished by arrow, line and senne. The swordfish is a very large, curious fish. It's caught with a folle net to make oil. It is common.The demoiselle is is caught with aline. It's a big fish like the machauran which weighs up to two hundred pounds.The pig is a very curious fish. Mr. Barraire drew some as a part of all others which are above. The lizard is very good and very common. The crayfish is larger than in France and less delicate. They are taken in the rivers. The toad is very good. It gets caught in the rocks in the sea. Shrimp is like in Europe. The crab is excellent. In January, February and March there are plenty of them.There is a sea pig called cabiaye (Capybara), quite common in some rivers. It is amphibious. It is claimed that Maipourri (tapir) is also amphibious. It is rare in Cayenne and very common inland. It has the horse's hair, his feet of pig. It's a very good meal. The sole is like plaice.There is a very bad kind of aurans. Lapas, a small fish, is caught at low tide in the mud. It is good. The pacou, a good fish, is caught in rivers.The commaron is red, very good. Aymara, good. The pike. Patayal is caught in holes. Coubani is pretty much like monkfish.The jayre is a small fish, not much. The eel is of two species. One trembling. It is to remark about this one that when it is caught on a line, the one who catches it becomes like lost. Usually when you catch them, you first need to take the mouth of the water. The negroes kill them right away either with a billhook or something else. The billhook jumps from his hands as he hits the eel. When it is dead, it has no longer any effect. We handle them or we skin them without anything happening. They say they are good and very big. Parsisy, a river fish, very large, very good, they are bearded. Coconut is caught by line, very common and good. The cachini is very large. It resembles salmon. It has a tongue half a foot long. The Indians use it as a file. This fish is preserved like the Lamentin. The eaglefish is very good. The pailla is a very good red fish. The sioure is a very good species of sea bass. The rock barbe is a very good fish, without scales, much better than tench and guimbarde. Father Charbonnier, a Jesuit who arrived from Camopy, told me that there was a sea tiger in this river. The front part is like a tiger with fur. It has tusks like a boar and half of its body is like a fish with scales. This sea monster is dangerous. It has caused the Indians to abandon the place where it live. I saw a small sea horse. It has the head and neck of a horse. Sieur Barraire drew it. Sieur Macaye, the counsellor, told me he saw one at the beginning of this year, 1723, and that its rump could be ten feet wide, as it sometimes appears. The Negroes claim that when these sea horses appear, it is a bad omen. There are still a few other fish that I am not familiar with. There are also more than thirty different species of snakes. Done at Cayenne on 29 September 1723.
Source: Cayenne-Guyane (4)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

"Unknown" - [FR: Pailla]

ID: 350 | ID2: 24
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Pailla
Vernacular Name: Unknown
Location: French Guiana
Region: North Atlantic
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1723
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
The pailla is a very good red fish.
📖 Full Translated Text:
Makouma is pretty much like pasani. Common, it is fished by arrow, line and senne. The swordfish is a very large, curious fish. It's caught with a folle net to make oil. It is common.The demoiselle is is caught with aline. It's a big fish like the machauran which weighs up to two hundred pounds.The pig is a very curious fish. Mr. Barraire drew some as a part of all others which are above. The lizard is very good and very common. The crayfish is larger than in France and less delicate. They are taken in the rivers. The toad is very good. It gets caught in the rocks in the sea. Shrimp is like in Europe. The crab is excellent. In January, February and March there are plenty of them.There is a sea pig called cabiaye (Capybara), quite common in some rivers. It is amphibious. It is claimed that Maipourri (tapir) is also amphibious. It is rare in Cayenne and very common inland. It has the horse's hair, his feet of pig. It's a very good meal. The sole is like plaice.There is a very bad kind of aurans. Lapas, a small fish, is caught at low tide in the mud. It is good. The pacou, a good fish, is caught in rivers.The commaron is red, very good. Aymara, good. The pike. Patayal is caught in holes. Coubani is pretty much like monkfish.The jayre is a small fish, not much. The eel is of two species. One trembling. It is to remark about this one that when it is caught on a line, the one who catches it becomes like lost. Usually when you catch them, you first need to take the mouth of the water. The negroes kill them right away either with a billhook or something else. The billhook jumps from his hands as he hits the eel. When it is dead, it has no longer any effect. We handle them or we skin them without anything happening. They say they are good and very big. Parsisy, a river fish, very large, very good, they are bearded. Coconut is caught by line, very common and good. The cachini is very large. It resembles salmon. It has a tongue half a foot long. The Indians use it as a file. This fish is preserved like the Lamentin. The eaglefish is very good. The pailla is a very good red fish. The sioure is a very good species of sea bass. The rock barbe is a very good fish, without scales, much better than tench and guimbarde. Father Charbonnier, a Jesuit who arrived from Camopy, told me that there was a sea tiger in this river. The front part is like a tiger with fur. It has tusks like a boar and half of its body is like a fish with scales. This sea monster is dangerous. It has caused the Indians to abandon the place where it live. I saw a small sea horse. It has the head and neck of a horse. Sieur Barraire drew it. Sieur Macaye, the counsellor, told me he saw one at the beginning of this year, 1723, and that its rump could be ten feet wide, as it sometimes appears. The Negroes claim that when these sea horses appear, it is a bad omen. There are still a few other fish that I am not familiar with. There are also more than thirty different species of snakes. Done at Cayenne on 29 September 1723.
Source: Cayenne-Guyane (4)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Silurus glanis - "Catfish" - [FR: Sioure]

ID: 352 | ID2: 24
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Sioure
Vernacular Name: Catfish
Scientific Name: Silurus glanis
Location: French Guiana
Region: North Atlantic
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1723
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
The sioure is a very good species of sea bass.
📖 Full Translated Text:
Makouma is pretty much like pasani. Common, it is fished by arrow, line and senne. The swordfish is a very large, curious fish. It's caught with a folle net to make oil. It is common.The demoiselle is is caught with aline. It's a big fish like the machauran which weighs up to two hundred pounds.The pig is a very curious fish. Mr. Barraire drew some as a part of all others which are above. The lizard is very good and very common. The crayfish is larger than in France and less delicate. They are taken in the rivers. The toad is very good. It gets caught in the rocks in the sea. Shrimp is like in Europe. The crab is excellent. In January, February and March there are plenty of them.There is a sea pig called cabiaye (Capybara), quite common in some rivers. It is amphibious. It is claimed that Maipourri (tapir) is also amphibious. It is rare in Cayenne and very common inland. It has the horse's hair, his feet of pig. It's a very good meal. The sole is like plaice.There is a very bad kind of aurans. Lapas, a small fish, is caught at low tide in the mud. It is good. The pacou, a good fish, is caught in rivers.The commaron is red, very good. Aymara, good. The pike. Patayal is caught in holes. Coubani is pretty much like monkfish.The jayre is a small fish, not much. The eel is of two species. One trembling. It is to remark about this one that when it is caught on a line, the one who catches it becomes like lost. Usually when you catch them, you first need to take the mouth of the water. The negroes kill them right away either with a billhook or something else. The billhook jumps from his hands as he hits the eel. When it is dead, it has no longer any effect. We handle them or we skin them without anything happening. They say they are good and very big. Parsisy, a river fish, very large, very good, they are bearded. Coconut is caught by line, very common and good. The cachini is very large. It resembles salmon. It has a tongue half a foot long. The Indians use it as a file. This fish is preserved like the Lamentin. The eaglefish is very good. The pailla is a very good red fish. The sioure is a very good species of sea bass. The rock barbe is a very good fish, without scales, much better than tench and guimbarde. Father Charbonnier, a Jesuit who arrived from Camopy, told me that there was a sea tiger in this river. The front part is like a tiger with fur. It has tusks like a boar and half of its body is like a fish with scales. This sea monster is dangerous. It has caused the Indians to abandon the place where it live. I saw a small sea horse. It has the head and neck of a horse. Sieur Barraire drew it. Sieur Macaye, the counsellor, told me he saw one at the beginning of this year, 1723, and that its rump could be ten feet wide, as it sometimes appears. The Negroes claim that when these sea horses appear, it is a bad omen. There are still a few other fish that I am not familiar with. There are also more than thirty different species of snakes. Done at Cayenne on 29 September 1723.
Source: Cayenne-Guyane (4)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Barbus barbus - "Common Barbel" - [FR: Barbe ? la roche]

ID: 354 | ID2: 24
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Barbe ? la roche
Vernacular Name: Common Barbel
Scientific Name: Barbus barbus
Location: French Guiana
Region: North Atlantic
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1723
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
The rock barbe is a very good fish, without scales, much better than tench and guimbarde
📖 Full Translated Text:
Makouma is pretty much like pasani. Common, it is fished by arrow, line and senne. The swordfish is a very large, curious fish. It's caught with a folle net to make oil. It is common.The demoiselle is is caught with aline. It's a big fish like the machauran which weighs up to two hundred pounds.The pig is a very curious fish. Mr. Barraire drew some as a part of all others which are above. The lizard is very good and very common. The crayfish is larger than in France and less delicate. They are taken in the rivers. The toad is very good. It gets caught in the rocks in the sea. Shrimp is like in Europe. The crab is excellent. In January, February and March there are plenty of them.There is a sea pig called cabiaye (Capybara), quite common in some rivers. It is amphibious. It is claimed that Maipourri (tapir) is also amphibious. It is rare in Cayenne and very common inland. It has the horse's hair, his feet of pig. It's a very good meal. The sole is like plaice.There is a very bad kind of aurans. Lapas, a small fish, is caught at low tide in the mud. It is good. The pacou, a good fish, is caught in rivers.The commaron is red, very good. Aymara, good. The pike. Patayal is caught in holes. Coubani is pretty much like monkfish.The jayre is a small fish, not much. The eel is of two species. One trembling. It is to remark about this one that when it is caught on a line, the one who catches it becomes like lost. Usually when you catch them, you first need to take the mouth of the water. The negroes kill them right away either with a billhook or something else. The billhook jumps from his hands as he hits the eel. When it is dead, it has no longer any effect. We handle them or we skin them without anything happening. They say they are good and very big. Parsisy, a river fish, very large, very good, they are bearded. Coconut is caught by line, very common and good. The cachini is very large. It resembles salmon. It has a tongue half a foot long. The Indians use it as a file. This fish is preserved like the Lamentin. The eaglefish is very good. The pailla is a very good red fish. The sioure is a very good species of sea bass. The rock barbe is a very good fish, without scales, much better than tench and guimbarde. Father Charbonnier, a Jesuit who arrived from Camopy, told me that there was a sea tiger in this river. The front part is like a tiger with fur. It has tusks like a boar and half of its body is like a fish with scales. This sea monster is dangerous. It has caused the Indians to abandon the place where it live. I saw a small sea horse. It has the head and neck of a horse. Sieur Barraire drew it. Sieur Macaye, the counsellor, told me he saw one at the beginning of this year, 1723, and that its rump could be ten feet wide, as it sometimes appears. The Negroes claim that when these sea horses appear, it is a bad omen. There are still a few other fish that I am not familiar with. There are also more than thirty different species of snakes. Done at Cayenne on 29 September 1723.
Source: Cayenne-Guyane (4)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Sphyraena sphyraena - "European Barracuda" - [FR: Becume]

ID: 372 | ID2: 27
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Becume
Vernacular Name: European Barracuda
Scientific Name: Sphyraena sphyraena
Location: Antilles
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing Techniques & Equipment
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
List of species to be taxidermied for transport.
📖 Full Translated Text:
Note: Similar to number 26 - a clean version of the document with additional details. Memoir of what can be brought from the American Islands in terms of fish, rocks and shells. Fish that must be gutted and dried gently and carefully in the shade. Various species of common fish known as Racca? One or two common ones. Around the round plate. One of each type of those with horns or whose head is armed with a long spike. One sea urchin fish of the Bourse species, one of each species if there are several. Around the fish known as bourses. (Monacanthidae). Take those fish that are more than a foot long, empty them, fill them with dry grass and sew them up. Cover them on the belly. A beak, a trumpet, a pantouflee (?), or a hammerhead fish. Those fish are 15 to 18 inches long.
Source: French Caribeans trade and fisheries (3)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Sphyrnidae - "Hamerhead Shark" - [FR: Poisson Marteau]

ID: 373 | ID2: 27
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Poisson Marteau
Vernacular Name: Hamerhead Shark
Scientific Name: Sphyrnidae
Location: Antilles
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing Techniques & Equipment
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
List of species to be taxidermied for transport.
📖 Full Translated Text:
Note: Similar to number 26 - a clean version of the document with additional details. Memoir of what can be brought from the American Islands in terms of fish, rocks and shells. Fish that must be gutted and dried gently and carefully in the shade. Various species of common fish known as Racca? One or two common ones. Around the round plate. One of each type of those with horns or whose head is armed with a long spike. One sea urchin fish of the Bourse species, one of each species if there are several. Around the fish known as bourses. (Monacanthidae). Take those fish that are more than a foot long, empty them, fill them with dry grass and sew them up. Cover them on the belly. A beak, a trumpet, a pantouflee (?), or a hammerhead fish. Those fish are 15 to 18 inches long.
Source: French Caribeans trade and fisheries (3)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Scyllaridae - "Slipper Lobster" - [FR: Pantouflee]

ID: 374 | ID2: 27
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Pantouflee
Vernacular Name: Slipper Lobster
Scientific Name: Scyllaridae
Location: Antilles
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing Techniques & Equipment
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
List of species to be taxidermied for transport.
📖 Full Translated Text:
Note: Similar to number 26 - a clean version of the document with additional details. Memoir of what can be brought from the American Islands in terms of fish, rocks and shells. Fish that must be gutted and dried gently and carefully in the shade. Various species of common fish known as Racca? One or two common ones. Around the round plate. One of each type of those with horns or whose head is armed with a long spike. One sea urchin fish of the Bourse species, one of each species if there are several. Around the fish known as bourses. (Monacanthidae). Take those fish that are more than a foot long, empty them, fill them with dry grass and sew them up. Cover them on the belly. A beak, a trumpet, a pantouflee (?), or a hammerhead fish. Those fish are 15 to 18 inches long.
Source: French Caribeans trade and fisheries (3)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Gadus morhua - "Cod" - [FR: Morue]

ID: 396 | ID2: 30
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Morue
Vernacular Name: Cod
Scientific Name: Gadus morhua
Location: Cape Verde
Region: North Atlantic
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
Several Portuguese are enough to load their salt with the utmost diligence to go fishing near St Vincent, the only place that provides turtles, which are salted in the same way as cod in Newfoundland. This fishing takes place during the months of June, July and August around the islands, sometimes even until mid-October.
📖 Full Translated Text:
Several Portuguese are enough to load their salt with the utmost diligence to go fishing near St Vincent, the only place that provides turtles, which are salted in the same way as cod in Newfoundland. This fishing takes place during the months of June, July and August around the islands, sometimes even until mid-October. There are two kinds of turtles, the loggerhead and the Cahuane. The loggerhead turtle is the best, its flesh is very delicate and tender, as are its scales, which cannot be used for this purpose. Oil and fat are extracted from it, which are melted like whale oil and are as delicate as olive oil. When this catch was abundant, only loggerhead turtles were taken, and when it was not abundant enough, Cahuane or Carette turtles were taken for their scales and fat, from which oil was extracted for burning. The flesh of these latter turtles is very tough and is rarely taken on board because the food is indigestible and bad for the Negroes who eat it. This turtle meat is sold in Martinique and other islands, but none is taken to St. Domingue and the neighbouring islands, which have too much livestock. This trade, which is inexpensive and the most lucrative of all the trades that can be done in America, often meant that ships carried twice as much meat as sugar in their cargoes, which they left in storage for their short journey. This trade has fallen due to the tolerance of the island governors in accepting the salted meat that the English bring them in smuggling directly from Ireland and which can be traded freely in defiance of His Majesty's regulations. When the French natives bring it there by boat only after the authorities directly from France, they encounter competitive issues. This trade could be revived by removing this obstacle, which could not be committed so easily today due to the scarcity of livestock currently in Ireland and the Netherlands. It should be facilitated for the few people it costs and the considerable profit it yields.
Source: French Caribeans trade and fisheries (6)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Caretta caretta - "Loggerhead Turtle" - [FR: Tortue caouanne]

ID: 397 | ID2: 30
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Tortue caouanne
Vernacular Name: Loggerhead Turtle
Scientific Name: Caretta caretta
Location: Antilles
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
There are two kinds of turtles, the loggerhead and the Cahuane. The loggerhead turtle is the best, its flesh is very delicate and tender, as are its scales, which cannot be used for this purpose. Oil and fat are extracted from it, which are melted like whale oil and are as delicate as olive oil.
📖 Full Translated Text:
Several Portuguese are enough to load their salt with the utmost diligence to go fishing near St Vincent, the only place that provides turtles, which are salted in the same way as cod in Newfoundland. This fishing takes place during the months of June, July and August around the islands, sometimes even until mid-October. There are two kinds of turtles, the loggerhead and the Cahuane. The loggerhead turtle is the best, its flesh is very delicate and tender, as are its scales, which cannot be used for this purpose. Oil and fat are extracted from it, which are melted like whale oil and are as delicate as olive oil. When this catch was abundant, only loggerhead turtles were taken, and when it was not abundant enough, Cahuane or Carette turtles were taken for their scales and fat, from which oil was extracted for burning. The flesh of these latter turtles is very tough and is rarely taken on board because the food is indigestible and bad for the Negroes who eat it. This turtle meat is sold in Martinique and other islands, but none is taken to St. Domingue and the neighbouring islands, which have too much livestock. This trade, which is inexpensive and the most lucrative of all the trades that can be done in America, often meant that ships carried twice as much meat as sugar in their cargoes, which they left in storage for their short journey. This trade has fallen due to the tolerance of the island governors in accepting the salted meat that the English bring them in smuggling directly from Ireland and which can be traded freely in defiance of His Majesty's regulations. When the French natives bring it there by boat only after the authorities directly from France, they encounter competitive issues. This trade could be revived by removing this obstacle, which could not be committed so easily today due to the scarcity of livestock currently in Ireland and the Netherlands. It should be facilitated for the few people it costs and the considerable profit it yields.
Source: French Caribeans trade and fisheries (6)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Caretta caretta - "Loggerhead Turtle" - [FR: Tortue Franche]

ID: 399 | ID2: 30
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Tortue Franche
Vernacular Name: Loggerhead Turtle
Scientific Name: Caretta caretta
Location: Antilles
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
When this catch was abundant, only loggerhead turtles were taken, and when it was not abundant enough, Cahuane or Carette turtles were taken for their scales and fat, from which oil was extracted for burning. The flesh of these latter turtles is very tough and is rarely taken on board because the food is indigestible and bad for the Negroes who eat it.
📖 Full Translated Text:
Several Portuguese are enough to load their salt with the utmost diligence to go fishing near St Vincent, the only place that provides turtles, which are salted in the same way as cod in Newfoundland. This fishing takes place during the months of June, July and August around the islands, sometimes even until mid-October. There are two kinds of turtles, the loggerhead and the Cahuane. The loggerhead turtle is the best, its flesh is very delicate and tender, as are its scales, which cannot be used for this purpose. Oil and fat are extracted from it, which are melted like whale oil and are as delicate as olive oil. When this catch was abundant, only loggerhead turtles were taken, and when it was not abundant enough, Cahuane or Carette turtles were taken for their scales and fat, from which oil was extracted for burning. The flesh of these latter turtles is very tough and is rarely taken on board because the food is indigestible and bad for the Negroes who eat it. This turtle meat is sold in Martinique and other islands, but none is taken to St. Domingue and the neighbouring islands, which have too much livestock. This trade, which is inexpensive and the most lucrative of all the trades that can be done in America, often meant that ships carried twice as much meat as sugar in their cargoes, which they left in storage for their short journey. This trade has fallen due to the tolerance of the island governors in accepting the salted meat that the English bring them in smuggling directly from Ireland and which can be traded freely in defiance of His Majesty's regulations. When the French natives bring it there by boat only after the authorities directly from France, they encounter competitive issues. This trade could be revived by removing this obstacle, which could not be committed so easily today due to the scarcity of livestock currently in Ireland and the Netherlands. It should be facilitated for the few people it costs and the considerable profit it yields.
Source: French Caribeans trade and fisheries (6)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Chelonioidea - "Sea Turtle" - [FR: Tortue]

ID: 408 | ID2: 32
Document Type: Sent
Original French Name: Tortue
Vernacular Name: Sea Turtle
Scientific Name: Chelonioidea
Location: Martinique
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
When does turtle fishing begin? If it is done there all year round or only in particular seasons?
📖 Full Translated Text:
Memory for Martinique. When does turtle fishing begin? If it is done there all year round or only in particular seasons? (Answer in the margins) Turtles are only caught in Martinique by chance and that is why fishermen go to catch them in the Grenadines and Tabac (Tobago?) and bring them here where they sell them for 10 sols per pound. In what various ways is this fishing done and what species of turtles are we most likely to see in Martinique?(Answer in the margins). Same as in the attached memo. Are there any that are covered with leather at the corners and have no scales?(Answer in the margins) No. If land turtles are seen in large numbers and of what size? (Answerin the margins) Few. The largest are a foot wide by 18 (inches) long. If manatee is caught a few times and if it is rare or ordinary. Give an exact description of this fish since the figures we see of it do not agree with what we write about it elsewhere. If there are several species or just one, how many females have babies at a time?(Answer in the margins) Not at all. If we still import salted manatee flesh to Martinique as we did in the past before the trade in salted beef and meat from Europe?(Answer in the margins) Not at all.
Source: Form and report Martinique (1)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Chelonioidea - "Sea Turtle" - [FR: Tortue]

ID: 409 | ID2: 32
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Tortue
Vernacular Name: Sea Turtle
Scientific Name: Chelonioidea
Location: Martinique
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
Turtles are only caught in Martinique by chance and that is why fishermen go to catch them in the Grenadines and Tabac (Tobago?) and bring them here where they sell them for 10 sols per pound.
📖 Full Translated Text:
Memory for Martinique. When does turtle fishing begin? If it is done there all year round or only in particular seasons? (Answer in the margins) Turtles are only caught in Martinique by chance and that is why fishermen go to catch them in the Grenadines and Tabac (Tobago?) and bring them here where they sell them for 10 sols per pound. In what various ways is this fishing done and what species of turtles are we most likely to see in Martinique?(Answer in the margins). Same as in the attached memo. Are there any that are covered with leather at the corners and have no scales?(Answer in the margins) No. If land turtles are seen in large numbers and of what size? (Answerin the margins) Few. The largest are a foot wide by 18 (inches) long. If manatee is caught a few times and if it is rare or ordinary. Give an exact description of this fish since the figures we see of it do not agree with what we write about it elsewhere. If there are several species or just one, how many females have babies at a time?(Answer in the margins) Not at all. If we still import salted manatee flesh to Martinique as we did in the past before the trade in salted beef and meat from Europe?(Answer in the margins) Not at all.
Source: Form and report Martinique (1)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Chelonioidea - "Sea Turtle" - [FR: Tortue]

ID: 410 | ID2: 32
Document Type: Sent
Original French Name: Tortue
Vernacular Name: Sea Turtle
Scientific Name: Chelonioidea
Location: Martinique
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
In what various ways is this fishing done and what species of turtles are we most likely to see in Martinique?
📖 Full Translated Text:
Memory for Martinique. When does turtle fishing begin? If it is done there all year round or only in particular seasons? (Answer in the margins) Turtles are only caught in Martinique by chance and that is why fishermen go to catch them in the Grenadines and Tabac (Tobago?) and bring them here where they sell them for 10 sols per pound. In what various ways is this fishing done and what species of turtles are we most likely to see in Martinique?(Answer in the margins). Same as in the attached memo. Are there any that are covered with leather at the corners and have no scales?(Answer in the margins) No. If land turtles are seen in large numbers and of what size? (Answerin the margins) Few. The largest are a foot wide by 18 (inches) long. If manatee is caught a few times and if it is rare or ordinary. Give an exact description of this fish since the figures we see of it do not agree with what we write about it elsewhere. If there are several species or just one, how many females have babies at a time?(Answer in the margins) Not at all. If we still import salted manatee flesh to Martinique as we did in the past before the trade in salted beef and meat from Europe?(Answer in the margins) Not at all.
Source: Form and report Martinique (1)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Sarda sarda - "Bonito" - [FR: Sarde]

ID: 421 | ID2: 33
Document Type: Sent
Original French Name: Sarde
Vernacular Name: Bonito
Scientific Name: Sarda sarda
Location: Martinique
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
What fish species do we see in Martinique for which there is fishing of some importance for the food of the inhabitants? Make a list of the names of all the fish such as thazard, sardes, beaumes, dorades, etc. and mark those which are most common and in greatest number.
📖 Full Translated Text:
If we also bring turtle flesh and where does this kind of cured meat come from?(Answerin the margins) Sometimes, they come from Cape Verde and Tabac (Tobago?) but rarely.What fish species do we see in Martinique for which there is fishing of some importancefor the food of the inhabitants? Make a list of the names of all the fish such as thazard, sardes, beaumes, dorades, etc. and mark those which are most common and in greatest number.(Answer in the margins) The same as in Guadeloupe.If there are a lot of crocodiles and lizards?(Answer in the margins) No crocodiles, a few lizards.If the first are dangerous and if they leave the waters to come ashore to find their food? If we sell lizards publicly to eat them and make stews or in what other ways do we prepare them?
(Answer in the margin)
We rarely sell them, there are few large ones that can be eaten, but there
are large quantities of small ones called anolis of which houses are full even though cats destroy them. We prepare them like chickens, in fricassee.
If green and dry cod are brought to Martinique and where does it come from? (Answer in the margins)
Some green comes from Canada and around 2000 quintals per year of dry cod which is not enough for a quarter of what would be consumed.
If other kinds of salted fish are brought there, what are they and where do they come from?
(Answer in the margins)
We sometimes bring thazard,vieille and other fish from Cape Verde.
If we sometimes find ambergris on the coast and in what season and after what time?
(Answer in the margins)
None. If calves or sea wolves, oxen or sea cows are seen and their uses and if they are there in large
numbers?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sea lions are seen and which are of the same species
and in this case, give a description?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sometimes whales appear on the coast and if you catch them?
(Answer in the margins)
Sometimes mulardes or blowers but rarely and we take none.
If sea bears are seen there and if merman
(tritons) or mermaids (sir?nes) were caught a few times?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If porpoises are sometimes or often caught there and what color are they?
(Answer in the margins)
We often see them but we very rarely take them. They are like those
in Europe.
If there are a large number of shellfish on the coast and what species?
(Answer
in the margins)
Same as in Guadeloupe.
Source: Form and report Martinique (2)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Sparus aurata - "Gilthead Sea Bream" - [FR: Beaume]

ID: 422 | ID2: 33
Document Type: Sent
Original French Name: Beaume
Vernacular Name: Gilthead Sea Bream
Scientific Name: Sparus aurata
Location: Martinique
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
What fish species do we see in Martinique for which there is fishing of some importance for the food of the inhabitants? Make a list of the names of all the fish such as thazard, sardes, beaumes, dorades, etc. and mark those which are most common and in greatest number.
📖 Full Translated Text:
If we also bring turtle flesh and where does this kind of cured meat come from?(Answerin the margins) Sometimes, they come from Cape Verde and Tabac (Tobago?) but rarely.What fish species do we see in Martinique for which there is fishing of some importancefor the food of the inhabitants? Make a list of the names of all the fish such as thazard, sardes, beaumes, dorades, etc. and mark those which are most common and in greatest number.(Answer in the margins) The same as in Guadeloupe.If there are a lot of crocodiles and lizards?(Answer in the margins) No crocodiles, a few lizards.If the first are dangerous and if they leave the waters to come ashore to find their food? If we sell lizards publicly to eat them and make stews or in what other ways do we prepare them?
(Answer in the margin)
We rarely sell them, there are few large ones that can be eaten, but there
are large quantities of small ones called anolis of which houses are full even though cats destroy them. We prepare them like chickens, in fricassee.
If green and dry cod are brought to Martinique and where does it come from? (Answer in the margins)
Some green comes from Canada and around 2000 quintals per year of dry cod which is not enough for a quarter of what would be consumed.
If other kinds of salted fish are brought there, what are they and where do they come from?
(Answer in the margins)
We sometimes bring thazard,vieille and other fish from Cape Verde.
If we sometimes find ambergris on the coast and in what season and after what time?
(Answer in the margins)
None. If calves or sea wolves, oxen or sea cows are seen and their uses and if they are there in large
numbers?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sea lions are seen and which are of the same species
and in this case, give a description?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sometimes whales appear on the coast and if you catch them?
(Answer in the margins)
Sometimes mulardes or blowers but rarely and we take none.
If sea bears are seen there and if merman
(tritons) or mermaids (sir?nes) were caught a few times?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If porpoises are sometimes or often caught there and what color are they?
(Answer in the margins)
We often see them but we very rarely take them. They are like those
in Europe.
If there are a large number of shellfish on the coast and what species?
(Answer
in the margins)
Same as in Guadeloupe.
Source: Form and report Martinique (2)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Spondyliosoma cantharus - "Sea Bream" - [FR: Dorade]

ID: 423 | ID2: 33
Document Type: Sent
Original French Name: Dorade
Vernacular Name: Sea Bream
Scientific Name: Spondyliosoma cantharus
Location: Martinique
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
What fish species do we see in Martinique for which there is fishing of some importance for the food of the inhabitants? Make a list of the names of all the fish such as thazard, sardes, beaumes, dorades, etc. and mark those which are most common and in greatest number.
📖 Full Translated Text:
If we also bring turtle flesh and where does this kind of cured meat come from?(Answerin the margins) Sometimes, they come from Cape Verde and Tabac (Tobago?) but rarely.What fish species do we see in Martinique for which there is fishing of some importancefor the food of the inhabitants? Make a list of the names of all the fish such as thazard, sardes, beaumes, dorades, etc. and mark those which are most common and in greatest number.(Answer in the margins) The same as in Guadeloupe.If there are a lot of crocodiles and lizards?(Answer in the margins) No crocodiles, a few lizards.If the first are dangerous and if they leave the waters to come ashore to find their food? If we sell lizards publicly to eat them and make stews or in what other ways do we prepare them?
(Answer in the margin)
We rarely sell them, there are few large ones that can be eaten, but there
are large quantities of small ones called anolis of which houses are full even though cats destroy them. We prepare them like chickens, in fricassee.
If green and dry cod are brought to Martinique and where does it come from? (Answer in the margins)
Some green comes from Canada and around 2000 quintals per year of dry cod which is not enough for a quarter of what would be consumed.
If other kinds of salted fish are brought there, what are they and where do they come from?
(Answer in the margins)
We sometimes bring thazard,vieille and other fish from Cape Verde.
If we sometimes find ambergris on the coast and in what season and after what time?
(Answer in the margins)
None. If calves or sea wolves, oxen or sea cows are seen and their uses and if they are there in large
numbers?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sea lions are seen and which are of the same species
and in this case, give a description?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sometimes whales appear on the coast and if you catch them?
(Answer in the margins)
Sometimes mulardes or blowers but rarely and we take none.
If sea bears are seen there and if merman
(tritons) or mermaids (sir?nes) were caught a few times?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If porpoises are sometimes or often caught there and what color are they?
(Answer in the margins)
We often see them but we very rarely take them. They are like those
in Europe.
If there are a large number of shellfish on the coast and what species?
(Answer
in the margins)
Same as in Guadeloupe.
Source: Form and report Martinique (2)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Scomberomorus cavalla - "King Mackerel" - [FR: Tazard]

ID: 424 | ID2: 33
Document Type: Sent
Original French Name: Tazard
Vernacular Name: King Mackerel
Scientific Name: Scomberomorus cavalla
Location: Martinique
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
What fish species do we see in Martinique for which there is fishing of some importance for the food of the inhabitants? Make a list of the names of all the fish such as thazard, sardes, beaumes, dorades, etc. and mark those which are most common and in greatest number.
📖 Full Translated Text:
If we also bring turtle flesh and where does this kind of cured meat come from?(Answerin the margins) Sometimes, they come from Cape Verde and Tabac (Tobago?) but rarely.What fish species do we see in Martinique for which there is fishing of some importancefor the food of the inhabitants? Make a list of the names of all the fish such as thazard, sardes, beaumes, dorades, etc. and mark those which are most common and in greatest number.(Answer in the margins) The same as in Guadeloupe.If there are a lot of crocodiles and lizards?(Answer in the margins) No crocodiles, a few lizards.If the first are dangerous and if they leave the waters to come ashore to find their food? If we sell lizards publicly to eat them and make stews or in what other ways do we prepare them?
(Answer in the margin)
We rarely sell them, there are few large ones that can be eaten, but there
are large quantities of small ones called anolis of which houses are full even though cats destroy them. We prepare them like chickens, in fricassee.
If green and dry cod are brought to Martinique and where does it come from? (Answer in the margins)
Some green comes from Canada and around 2000 quintals per year of dry cod which is not enough for a quarter of what would be consumed.
If other kinds of salted fish are brought there, what are they and where do they come from?
(Answer in the margins)
We sometimes bring thazard,vieille and other fish from Cape Verde.
If we sometimes find ambergris on the coast and in what season and after what time?
(Answer in the margins)
None. If calves or sea wolves, oxen or sea cows are seen and their uses and if they are there in large
numbers?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sea lions are seen and which are of the same species
and in this case, give a description?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sometimes whales appear on the coast and if you catch them?
(Answer in the margins)
Sometimes mulardes or blowers but rarely and we take none.
If sea bears are seen there and if merman
(tritons) or mermaids (sir?nes) were caught a few times?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If porpoises are sometimes or often caught there and what color are they?
(Answer in the margins)
We often see them but we very rarely take them. They are like those
in Europe.
If there are a large number of shellfish on the coast and what species?
(Answer
in the margins)
Same as in Guadeloupe.
Source: Form and report Martinique (2)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Phocoena phocoena - "Porpoise" - [FR: Marsouin]

ID: 445 | ID2: 33
Document Type: Sent
Original French Name: Marsouin
Vernacular Name: Porpoise
Scientific Name: Phocoena phocoena
Location: Martinique
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
If porpoises are sometimes or often caught there and what color are they?
📖 Full Translated Text:
If we also bring turtle flesh and where does this kind of cured meat come from?(Answerin the margins) Sometimes, they come from Cape Verde and Tabac (Tobago?) but rarely.What fish species do we see in Martinique for which there is fishing of some importancefor the food of the inhabitants? Make a list of the names of all the fish such as thazard, sardes, beaumes, dorades, etc. and mark those which are most common and in greatest number.(Answer in the margins) The same as in Guadeloupe.If there are a lot of crocodiles and lizards?(Answer in the margins) No crocodiles, a few lizards.If the first are dangerous and if they leave the waters to come ashore to find their food? If we sell lizards publicly to eat them and make stews or in what other ways do we prepare them?
(Answer in the margin)
We rarely sell them, there are few large ones that can be eaten, but there
are large quantities of small ones called anolis of which houses are full even though cats destroy them. We prepare them like chickens, in fricassee.
If green and dry cod are brought to Martinique and where does it come from? (Answer in the margins)
Some green comes from Canada and around 2000 quintals per year of dry cod which is not enough for a quarter of what would be consumed.
If other kinds of salted fish are brought there, what are they and where do they come from?
(Answer in the margins)
We sometimes bring thazard,vieille and other fish from Cape Verde.
If we sometimes find ambergris on the coast and in what season and after what time?
(Answer in the margins)
None. If calves or sea wolves, oxen or sea cows are seen and their uses and if they are there in large
numbers?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sea lions are seen and which are of the same species
and in this case, give a description?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sometimes whales appear on the coast and if you catch them?
(Answer in the margins)
Sometimes mulardes or blowers but rarely and we take none.
If sea bears are seen there and if merman
(tritons) or mermaids (sir?nes) were caught a few times?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If porpoises are sometimes or often caught there and what color are they?
(Answer in the margins)
We often see them but we very rarely take them. They are like those
in Europe.
If there are a large number of shellfish on the coast and what species?
(Answer
in the margins)
Same as in Guadeloupe.
Source: Form and report Martinique (2)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗

Phocoena phocoena - "Porpoise" - [FR: Marsouin]

ID: 446 | ID2: 33
Document Type: Received
Original French Name: Marsouin
Vernacular Name: Porpoise
Scientific Name: Phocoena phocoena
Location: Martinique
Region: Caribbean
Ocean: Atlantic
Year: 1722
Data Type: Fishing
📝 Data Remarks / Observations:
We often see them but we very rarely take them. They are like those in Europe.
📖 Full Translated Text:
If we also bring turtle flesh and where does this kind of cured meat come from?(Answerin the margins) Sometimes, they come from Cape Verde and Tabac (Tobago?) but rarely.What fish species do we see in Martinique for which there is fishing of some importancefor the food of the inhabitants? Make a list of the names of all the fish such as thazard, sardes, beaumes, dorades, etc. and mark those which are most common and in greatest number.(Answer in the margins) The same as in Guadeloupe.If there are a lot of crocodiles and lizards?(Answer in the margins) No crocodiles, a few lizards.If the first are dangerous and if they leave the waters to come ashore to find their food? If we sell lizards publicly to eat them and make stews or in what other ways do we prepare them?
(Answer in the margin)
We rarely sell them, there are few large ones that can be eaten, but there
are large quantities of small ones called anolis of which houses are full even though cats destroy them. We prepare them like chickens, in fricassee.
If green and dry cod are brought to Martinique and where does it come from? (Answer in the margins)
Some green comes from Canada and around 2000 quintals per year of dry cod which is not enough for a quarter of what would be consumed.
If other kinds of salted fish are brought there, what are they and where do they come from?
(Answer in the margins)
We sometimes bring thazard,vieille and other fish from Cape Verde.
If we sometimes find ambergris on the coast and in what season and after what time?
(Answer in the margins)
None. If calves or sea wolves, oxen or sea cows are seen and their uses and if they are there in large
numbers?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sea lions are seen and which are of the same species
and in this case, give a description?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If sometimes whales appear on the coast and if you catch them?
(Answer in the margins)
Sometimes mulardes or blowers but rarely and we take none.
If sea bears are seen there and if merman
(tritons) or mermaids (sir?nes) were caught a few times?
(Answer
in the margins)
None.
If porpoises are sometimes or often caught there and what color are they?
(Answer in the margins)
We often see them but we very rarely take them. They are like those
in Europe.
If there are a large number of shellfish on the coast and what species?
(Answer
in the margins)
Same as in Guadeloupe.
Source: Form and report Martinique (2)
Recorded By: Emma Millet
Original Document: View Source ↗